解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Examining whether and how the rhythms of limb and breathing movements interact is highly informative about the mechanistic origin of hyperpnoea during running exercise. However, studies have failed to reveal regularities. In particular, whether breathing frequency is inherently proportional to limb velocity and impose...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.61919
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The calcium release-activated calcium channel Orai regulates Ca2+ entry into non-excitable cells and is required for proper immune function. While the channel typically opens following Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum, certain pathologic mutations render the channel constitutively open. Previously, using on...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.62772
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolism of host-targeted drugs by the microbiome can substantially impact host treatment success. However, since many host-targeted drugs inadvertently hamper microbiome growth, repeated drug administration can lead to microbiome evolutionary adaptation. We tested if evolved bacterial resistance against host-target...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59831
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary magnesium (Mg2+) supplementation can enhance memory in young and aged rats. Memory-enhancing capacity was largely ascribed to increases in hippocampal synaptic density and elevated expression of the NR2B subunit of the NMDA-type glutamate receptor. Here we show that Mg2+ feeding also enhances long-term memory ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.61339
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Canonical transient receptor potential channels (TRPC) are involved in receptor-operated and/or store-operated Ca2+ signaling. Inhibition of TRPCs by small molecules was shown to be promising in treating renal diseases. In cells, the channels are regulated by calmodulin (CaM). Molecular details of both CaM and drug bi...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60603
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms linking maternal stress in pregnancy with infant neurodevelopment in a sexually dimorphic manner are poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that maternal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, measured by hair cortisol concentration (HCC), is associated with microstructure, structural connec...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60729
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding how genes and experience work in concert to generate phenotypic variability will provide a better understanding of individuality. Here, we considered this in the main olfactory epithelium, a chemosensory structure with over a thousand distinct cell types in mice. We identified a subpopulation of olfactor...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.54501
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic oxygen restriction (SOR) is prevalent in numerous clinical conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is associated with increased susceptibility to viral infections. However, the influence of SOR on T cell immunity remains uncharacterized. Here we show the detrimental effect of h...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.56612
更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Microbes are embedded in complex communities where they engage in a wide array of intra- and inter-specific interactions. The extent to which these interactions drive or impede microbiome diversity is not well understood. Historically, two contrasting hypotheses have been suggested to explain how species interactions ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58999
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Social rank differentially influences how male and female mice respond to chronic stress. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63996
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Repression of genes by Polycomb requires that PRC2 modifies their chromatin by trimethylating lysine 27 on histone H3 (H3K27me3). At transcriptionally active genes, di- and tri-methylated H3K36 inhibit PRC2. Here, the cryo-EM structure of PRC2 on dinucleosomes reveals how binding of its catalytic subunit EZH2 to nucle...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.61964
更新日期:2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract::Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) is a surveillance pathway that degrades aberrant mRNAs and also regulates the expression of a wide range of physiological transcripts. RUVBL1 and RUVBL2 AAA-ATPases form an hetero-hexameric ring that is part of several macromolecular complexes such as INO80, SWR1, and R2TP. Interesti...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63042
更新日期:2020-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Compartmentalized oscillations of second messengers affect global cellular signaling. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63845
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::The palmitoyl acyltransferase (PAT) ZDHHC14 is highly expressed in the hippocampus and is the only PAT predicted to bind Type-I PDZ domain-containing proteins. However, ZDHHC14's neuronal roles are unknown. Here, we identify the PDZ domain-containing Membrane-associated Guanylate Kinase (MaGUK) PSD93 as a direct ZDHHC...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.56058
更新日期:2020-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling molecules activate distinct patterns of gene expression to coordinate embryogenesis, but how spatiotemporal expression diversity is generated is an open question. In zebrafish, a BMP signaling gradient patterns the dorsal-ventral axis. We systematically identified target genes responding to BMP and found tha...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58641
更新日期:2020-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Contrary to dogma, evolutionarily young and dynamic genes can encode essential functions. We find that evolutionarily dynamic ZAD-ZNF genes, which encode the most abundant class of insect transcription factors, are more likely to encode essential functions in Drosophila melanogaster than ancient, conserved ZAD-ZNF gen...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63368
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::We determined differential gene expression in response to high glucose in lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from matched individuals with type 1 diabetes with and without retinopathy. Those genes exhibiting the largest difference in glucose response were assessed for association with diabetic retinopathy in a genome-w...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59980
更新日期:2020-11-09 00:00:00
abstract::Human ascariasis is a major neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. We report a 296 megabase (Mb) reference-quality genome comprised of 17,902 protein-coding genes derived from a single, representative Ascaris worm. An additional 68 worms were collected from 60 human hosts in Kenyan vil...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.61562
更新日期:2020-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::The mesiotemporal lobe (MTL) is implicated in many cognitive processes, is compromised in numerous brain disorders, and exhibits a gradual cytoarchitectural transition from six-layered parahippocampal isocortex to three-layered hippocampal allocortex. Leveraging an ultra-high-resolution histological reconstruction of ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60673
更新日期:2020-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::A mathematical model shows how the shape of early multicellular organisms may have helped cells evolve specialized roles. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63328
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Auditory processing depends upon inhibitory signaling by interneurons, even at its earliest stages in the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN). Remarkably, to date only a single subtype of inhibitory neuron has been documented in the VCN, a projection neuron termed the D-stellate cell. With the use of a transgenic mouse lin...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.54350
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Research on mutant tobacco plants shows that a pigment called β-carotene is not necessary for photosynthesis. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.63584
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma cells (PCs) are essential for protection from infection, and at the origin of incurable cancers. Current studies do not circumvent the limitations of removing PCs from their microenvironment and confound formation and maintenance. Also, the investigation of PC population dynamics has mostly relied on nucleotide...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59850
更新日期:2020-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::A hallmark of CRISPR-Cas immunity systems is the CRISPR array, a genomic locus consisting of short, repeated sequences ('repeats') interspersed with short, variable sequences ('spacers'). CRISPR arrays are transcribed and processed into individual CRISPR RNAs that each include a single spacer, and direct Cas proteins ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58182
更新日期:2020-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::The interferon-inducible transmembrane (IFITM) proteins belong to the Dispanin/CD225 family and inhibit diverse virus infections. IFITM3 reduces membrane fusion between cells and virions through a poorly characterized mechanism. Mutation of proline-rich transmembrane protein 2 (PRRT2), a regulator of neurotransmitter ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58537
更新日期:2020-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple studies have reported a male bias in incidence and/or prevalence of malaria infection in males compared to females. To test the hypothesis that sex-based differences in host-parasite interactions affect the epidemiology of malaria, we intensively followed Plasmodium falciparum infections in a cohort in a mala...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59872
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Secretory (S) Immunoglobulin (Ig) A is the predominant mucosal antibody, which binds pathogens and commensal microbes. SIgA is a polymeric antibody, typically containing two copies of IgA that assemble with one joining-chain (JC) to form dimeric (d) IgA that is bound by the polymeric Ig-receptor ectodomain, called sec...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.56098
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::Nuclear speckles (NS) are among the most prominent biomolecular condensates. Despite their prevalence, research on the function of NS is virtually restricted to colocalization analyses, since an organizing core, without which NS cannot form, remains unidentified. The monoclonal antibody SC35, raised against a spliceos...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60579
更新日期:2020-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-gated sodium channels are targets for a range of pharmaceutical drugs developed for the treatment of neurological diseases. Cannabidiol (CBD), the non-psychoactive compound isolated from cannabis plants, was recently approved for treatment of two types of epilepsy associated with sodium channel mutations. This...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58593
更新日期:2020-10-22 00:00:00
abstract::The >800 human G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are responsible for transducing diverse chemical stimuli to alter cell state- and are the largest class of drug targets. Their myriad structural conformations and various modes of signaling make it challenging to understand their structure and function. Here, we devel...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.54895
更新日期:2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::The investigation of prosocial behavior is of particular interest from an evolutionary perspective. Comparisons of prosociality across non-human animal species have, however, so far largely focused on primates, and their interpretation is hampered by the diversity of paradigms and procedures used. Here, we present the...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.58139
更新日期:2020-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria of the genus Shigella cause shigellosis, a severe gastrointestinal disease that is a major cause of diarrhea-associated mortality in humans. Mice are highly resistant to Shigella and the lack of a tractable physiological model of shigellosis has impeded our understanding of this important human disease. Here,...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59022
更新日期:2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract::WNK1, a kinase that controls kidney salt homeostasis, also regulates adhesion and migration in CD4+ T cells. Wnk1 is highly expressed in thymocytes, and since migration is important for thymocyte maturation, we investigated a role for WNK1 in mouse thymocyte development. We find that WNK1 is required for the transitio...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.56934
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::The speed at which a cell fate decision in nematode worms evolves is due to the number of genes that control the decision, rather than to a high mutation rate. ...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.62689
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Using computer simulations, we generate cell-specific 3D chromosomal structures and compare them to recently published chromatin structures obtained through microscopy. We demonstrate using machine learning and polymer physics simulations that epigenetic information can be used to predict the structural ensembles of m...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60312
更新日期:2020-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined records of 2566 consecutive COVID-19 patients at five Massachusetts hospitals and sought to predict level-of-care requirements based on clinical and laboratory data. Several classification methods were applied and compared against standard pneumonia severity scores. The need for hospitalization, IC...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.7554/eLife.60519
更新日期:2020-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Sex-specific synaptic connectivity is beginning to emerge as a remarkable, but little explored feature of animal brains. We describe here a novel mechanism that promotes sexually dimorphic neuronal function and synaptic connectivity in the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We demonstrate that a ph...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.59614
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Systemic metabolic reprogramming induced by infection exerts profound, pathogen-specific effects on infection outcome. Here, we detail the host immune and metabolic response during sickness and recovery in a mouse model of malaria. We describe extensive alterations in metabolism during acute infection, and identify in...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60165
更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::Many species, including rats, are sensitive to social signals and their valuation is important in social learning. Here we introduce a task that investigates if mutual reward delivery in male rats can drive associative learning. We found that when actor rats have fully learned a stimulus-self-reward association, addin...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.60755
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::With implantation, mouse stromal cells begin to transform into epithelial-like cells surrounding the implantation chamber forming an avascular zone called the primary decidual zone (PDZ). In the mouse, the PDZ forms a transient, size-dependent permeable barrier to protect the embryo from maternal circulating harmful a...
journal_title:eLife
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7554/eLife.61762
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00